差異處
這裏顯示兩個版本的差異處。
| 兩邊的前次修訂版前次修改 下次修改 | 前次修改 | ||
| canakya [2024/12/13 20:46] – host | canakya [2024/12/13 20:54] (目前版本) – host | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 行 1: | 行 1: | ||
| - | <WRAP center | + | <wrap lo> <fs large> |
| - | Chanakya Pandit，又名 Kauṭilya 或 Vishnu Gupta，是古老的 Takshashila 大學的導師。他活於公元前 320 年左右，在古印度文化中廣為人知，是一位哲學家，皇室顧問和經濟學家。 | + | ---- |
| - | </WRAP> | + | \\ |
| > 我 (作者) 僅以謙虛的心向全能的主維施紐 (三界的主人) 鞠躬，我開始誦讀從各類經文摘選出的政治倫理（niti）格言。 | > 我 (作者) 僅以謙虛的心向全能的主維施紐 (三界的主人) 鞠躬，我開始誦讀從各類經文摘選出的政治倫理（niti）格言。 | ||
| - | <fs medium>Humbly bowing down before the almighty Lord Sri Vishnu, the Lord of the three worlds, I recite maxims of the science of political ethics (niti) selected from the various sastras.</fs> | + | >Humbly bowing down before the almighty Lord Sri Vishnu, the Lord of the three worlds, I recite maxims of the science of political ethics (niti) selected from the various sastras. |
| - | \\ \\ | + | |
| > 誰研習這些出自經典的格言將獲取到最不同凡響的有關責任原則的知識，並且認識什麼應該遵循，什麼不應該遵循，什麼是好，什麼是壞，什麼最優秀卓越 | > 誰研習這些出自經典的格言將獲取到最不同凡響的有關責任原則的知識，並且認識什麼應該遵循，什麼不應該遵循，什麼是好，什麼是壞，什麼最優秀卓越 | ||
| - | <fs medium>That man who by the study of these maxims from the satras acquires a knowledge of the most celebrated principles of duty, and understands what ought and what ought not to be followed, and what is good and what is bad, is most excellent.</ | + | >That man who by the study of these maxims from the satras acquires a knowledge of the most celebrated principles of duty, and understands what ought and what ought not to be followed, and what is good and what is bad, is most excellent. |
| > 花的香氣只會隨著風吹的方向傳送，但一個人的善良品質卻能夠散發到四方。 | > 花的香氣只會隨著風吹的方向傳送，但一個人的善良品質卻能夠散發到四方。 | ||
| - | <fs medium>The fragrance of flowers spreads only in the direction of the wind. But the goodness of a person spreads in all directions.< | + | >The fragrance of flowers spreads only in the direction of the wind. But the goodness of a person spreads in all directions. |
| + | <WRAP center round box 100%> | ||
| <fs medium> | <fs medium> | ||
| - | 善良是一種無形但強大的力量，它能夠跨越距離和障礙，溫暖他人的心靈，改變世界。</ | + | 善良是一種無形但強大的力量，它能夠跨越距離和障礙，溫暖他人的心靈，改變世界。</ |
| + | </ | ||
| > | > | ||
| 行 208: | 行 210: | ||
| > | > | ||
| - | 這世上有很多因素導致人受到支配及控制，情意結卻是最強烈。以蜜蜂為例，雖然專長刺硬木，卻被它心愛的花朵所包裹著（當黃昏花瓣關閉時 ）。 | + | >這世上有很多因素導致人受到支配及控制，情意結卻是最強烈。以蜜蜂為例，雖然專長刺硬木，卻被它心愛的花朵所包裹著（當黃昏花瓣關閉時 ）。 |
| - | There are many ways of binding by which one can be dominated and controlled in this world, but the bond of affection is the strongest. For example, take the case of the humble bee which, although expert at piercing hardened wood, becomes caught in the humble bee which, although expert at piercing hardened wood, becomes caught in the embrace of its beloved flowers (as the petals close at dusk). | + | >There are many ways of binding by which one can be dominated and controlled in this world, but the bond of affection is the strongest. For example, take the case of the humble bee which, although expert at piercing hardened wood, becomes caught in the humble bee which, although expert at piercing hardened wood, becomes caught in the embrace of its beloved flowers (as the petals close at dusk). |
| - | 經典知識無限，要學的藝術又很多：我們有的時間很短，我們的學習機會充滿了障礙。因此，選擇學習最重要的東西，就像天鵝只喝水中的牛奶一樣。 | + | >經典知識無限，要學的藝術又很多：我們有的時間很短，我們的學習機會充滿了障礙。因此，選擇學習最重要的東西，就像天鵝只喝水中的牛奶一樣。 |
| - | knowledge is unlimited, and the arts to be learned are many; thetime we have is short, and our opportunities to learn are beset with obstacles. Therefore select for learning that which is most important, just as the swan drinks only the milk in water. | + | >knowledge is unlimited, and the arts to be learned are many; thetime we have is short, and our opportunities to learn are beset with obstacles. Therefore select for learning that which is most important, just as the swan drinks only the milk in water. |
| - | 若然人能夠時常抱持他們在聆聽宗教訓示時、出現在火葬場時，與及在生病時所經歷的心態 - 那麼還有誰人不得解脫？ | + | >若然人能夠時常抱持他們在聆聽宗教訓示時、出現在火葬場時，與及在生病時所經歷的心態 - 那麼還有誰人不得解脫？ |
| - | If men should always retain the state of mind they experience when hearing religious instruction, | + | >If men should always retain the state of mind they experience when hearing religious instruction, |
| - | 若然人在悔改前能夠有所感受，悔改後有所感受， 那麼有誰不會達到完美？ | + | >若然人在悔改前能夠有所感受，悔改後有所感受， 那麼有誰不會達到完美？ |
| - | If a man should feel before, as he feels after, repentance — then who would not attain perfection? | + | >If a man should feel before, as he feels after, repentance — then who would not attain perfection? |
| - | 我們不應為我們的慈善布施、苦行、英勇行為、經典知識、謙虛恭順和道德感到自豪，因為這世界充滿最稀有的寶石。 | + | >我們不應為我們的慈善布施、苦行、英勇行為、經典知識、謙虛恭順和道德感到自豪，因為這世界充滿最稀有的寶石。 |
| - | We should not feel pride in our charity, austerity, valour, scriptural knowledge, modesty and morality for the world is full of the rarest gems. | + | >We should not feel pride in our charity, austerity, valour, scriptural knowledge, modesty and morality for the world is full of the rarest gems. |
| - | 身各一方卻常存腦海實在祇在咫尺，近身相處卻不在心底真的是天角一方。 | + | >身各一方卻常存腦海實在祇在咫尺，近身相處卻不在心底真的是天角一方。 |
| - | He who lives in our mind is near though he may actually be far away; but he who is not in our heart is far though he may really be nearby. | + | >He who lives in our mind is near though he may actually be far away; but he who is not in our heart is far though he may really be nearby. |
| - | 按情況說適當的話、按能力付出愛心服務，以及知道自己憤怒極限的人是一位 pandit（有學識的人）。 | + | >按情況說適當的話、按能力付出愛心服務，以及知道自己憤怒極限的人是一位 pandit（有學識的人）。 |
| - | He is a pandit (man of knowledge) who speaks what is suitable to the occasion, who renders loving service according to his ability, and who knows the limits of his anger. | + | >He is a pandit (man of knowledge) who speaks what is suitable to the occasion, who renders loving service according to his ability, and who knows the limits of his anger. |
| - | 杜鵑鳥長期（幾個季節）保持沉默，直到它們能唱得美麗動聽（在春天），以為所有人帶來快樂。 | + | >杜鵑鳥長期（幾個季節）保持沉默，直到它們能唱得美麗動聽（在春天），以為所有人帶來快樂。 |
| - | The cuckoos remain silent for a long time (for several seasons) until they are able to sing sweetly (in the Spring ) so as to give joy to all. | + | >The cuckoos remain silent for a long time (for several seasons) until they are able to sing sweetly (in the Spring ) so as to give joy to all. |
| - | 我們應爭取下列各項，並妥善保存：功德祝福、財富、穀糧、上師的開示，與及稀世藥物。 否則生活不成。 | + | >我們應爭取下列各項，並妥善保存：功德祝福、財富、穀糧、上師的開示，與及稀世藥物。 否則生活不成。 |
| - | We should secure and keep the following: the blessings of meritorious deeds, wealth, grain, the words of the spiritual master, and rare medicines. Otherwise life becomes impossible. | + | >We should secure and keep the following: the blessings of meritorious deeds, wealth, grain, the words of the spiritual master, and rare medicines. Otherwise life becomes impossible. |
| - | 對眾生內心滿懷憐憫的人， 知識、解脫、頭上的髮結、以及身上塗著的灰燼又有何必要呢？ | + | >對眾生內心滿懷憐憫的人， 知識、解脫、頭上的髮結、以及身上塗著的灰燼又有何必要呢？ |
| - | For one whose heart melts with compassion for all creatures; what is the necessity of knowledge, liberation, matted hair on the head, and smearing the body with ashes. | + | >For one whose heart melts with compassion for all creatures; what is the necessity of knowledge, liberation, matted hair on the head, and smearing the body with ashes. |
| - | 由於覺察力不足，最珍貴的珠寶趟在人足下的塵土中，而頭上卻帶上了一些玻璃。 但我們不該亂想寶石就此價值下降，而玻璃片的重要性增加了。 當有嚴僅判斷的人出現時，它們各自的正確位置便被重置。 | + | >由於覺察力不足，最珍貴的珠寶趟在人足下的塵土中，而頭上卻帶上了一些玻璃。 但我們不該亂想寶石就此價值下降，而玻璃片的重要性增加了。 當有嚴僅判斷的人出現時，它們各自的正確位置便被重置。 |
| - | For want of discernment the most precious jewels lie in the dust at the feet of men while bits of glass are worn on their heads. But we should not imagine that the gems have sunk in value, and the bits of glass have risen in importance. When a person of critical judgement shall appear, each will be given its right position. | + | >For want of discernment the most precious jewels lie in the dust at the feet of men while bits of glass are worn on their heads. But we should not imagine that the gems have sunk in value, and the bits of glass have risen in importance. When a person of critical judgement shall appear, each will be given its right position. |
| - | 人可能熟悉四吠陀及宗教經典，但如果他沒有沒有對自我的覺醒，他可以被稱為拌棒一支，因為它攪拌各種食物卻不知道任何一種食物的味道。 | + | >人可能熟悉四吠陀及宗教經典，但如果他沒有沒有對自我的覺醒，他可以被稱為拌棒一支，因為它攪拌各種食物卻不知道任何一種食物的味道。 |
| - | One may know the four Vedas and the Dharma-sastras, | + | >One may know the four Vedas and the Dharma-sastras, |
| - | 月亮是甘露之鄉及所有藥物的主神，雖然像 amrta (一種甘露) 一樣永垂不朽、形象璀璨，但卻在太陽居所 (日間) 裡失去耀目的光彩。 因此，一個普通人不會因為住在另一個人的家裡而感到自卑。 | + | >月亮是甘露之鄉及所有藥物的主神，雖然像 amrta (一種甘露) 一樣永垂不朽、形象璀璨，但卻在太陽居所 (日間) 裡失去耀目的光彩。 因此，一個普通人不會因為住在另一個人的家裡而感到自卑。 |
| - | The moon, who is the abode of nectar and the presiding deity of all medicines, although immortal like amrta and resplendent in form, loses the brilliance of his rays when he repairs to the abode of the sun (day time). Therefore will not an ordinary man be made to feel inferior by going to live at the house of another. | + | >The moon, who is the abode of nectar and the presiding deity of all medicines, although immortal like amrta and resplendent in form, loses the brilliance of his rays when he repairs to the abode of the sun (day time). Therefore will not an ordinary man be made to feel inferior by going to live at the house of another. |
| - | 有誰會在變得富有時不自負？ 那一個放憚的人停止有他的災難（一場浩劫）？ 這世界上哪個男人不曾被女人征服？ 有誰永遠受國王寵愛？ 有誰不被時間所蹂躪？ 哪個乞丐得到榮耀？ 誰會在壞人惡行下變得快樂？ | + | >有誰會在變得富有時不自負？ 那一個放憚的人停止有他的災難（一場浩劫）？ 這世界上哪個男人不曾被女人征服？ 有誰永遠受國王寵愛？ 有誰不被時間所蹂躪？ 哪個乞丐得到榮耀？ 誰會在壞人惡行下變得快樂？ |
| - | Who is there who, having become rich, has not become proud? Which licentious (Free) man has put an end to his calamities (A grievous disaster)? Which man in this world has not been overcome by a woman? Who is always loved by the king? Who is there who has not been overcome by the ravages of time? Which beggar has attained glory? Who has become happy by contracting the vices of the wicked? | + | >Who is there who, having become rich, has not become proud? Which licentious (Free) man has put an end to his calamities (A grievous disaster)? Which man in this world has not been overcome by a woman? Who is always loved by the king? Who is there who has not been overcome by the ravages of time? Which beggar has attained glory? Who has become happy by contracting the vices of the wicked? |
| - | 人憑自己優點變得偉大，而非僅靠佔據崇高座位。 烏鴉單憑坐在高樓頂處，我們便可以把它叫作鷹嗎？ | + | >人憑自己優點變得偉大，而非僅靠佔據崇高座位。 烏鴉單憑坐在高樓頂處，我們便可以把它叫作鷹嗎？ |
| - | A man attains greatness by his merits, not simply by occupying an exalted seat. Can we call a crow an eagle (garuda) simply because he sits on the top of a tall building. | + | >A man attains greatness by his merits, not simply by occupying an exalted seat. Can we call a crow an eagle (garuda) simply because he sits on the top of a tall building. |
| - | 那遙遠東西看似不可能，而那遙不可及的東西可通過苦行輕易達成，因為沒有什麼能超越苦行。 | + | >那遙遠東西看似不可能，而那遙不可及的東西可通過苦行輕易達成，因為沒有什麼能超越苦行。 |
| - | That thing which is distant, that thing which appears impossible, and that which is far beyond our reach, can be easily attained through tapasya (religious austerity), for nothing can surpass austerity. | + | >That thing which is distant, that thing which appears impossible, and that which is far beyond our reach, can be easily attained through tapasya (religious austerity), for nothing can surpass austerity. |
| - | 蛇的牙、蒼蠅的口和蝎子的刺都有毒； 邪惡的人卻是全身充滿著。 | + | >蛇的牙、蒼蠅的口和蝎子的刺都有毒； 邪惡的人卻是全身充滿著。 |
| - | There is poison in the fang of the serpent, in the mouth of the fly and in the sting of a scorpion; but the wicked man is saturated with it. | + | >There is poison in the fang of the serpent, in the mouth of the fly and in the sting of a scorpion; but the wicked man is saturated with it. |
| - | 首飾不會比慈善供奉更好的裝飾雙手；將身體塗上檀香槳不會比洗一個澡來得乾淨； 一餐晚飯不會比受人尊重來得滿足； 自我吹噓不像培養靈性知識一樣達到解脫。 | + | >首飾不會比慈善供奉更好的裝飾雙手；將身體塗上檀香槳不會比洗一個澡來得乾淨； 一餐晚飯不會比受人尊重來得滿足； 自我吹噓不像培養靈性知識一樣>到解脫。 |
| - | The hand is not so well adorned by ornaments as by charitable offerings; one does not become clean by smearing sandalwood paste upon the body as by taking a bath; one does not become so much satisfied by dinner as by having respect shown to him; and salvation is not attained by self-adornment as by cultivation of spiritual knowledge. | + | >The hand is not so well adorned by ornaments as by charitable offerings; one does not become clean by smearing sandalwood paste upon the body as by taking a bath; one does not become so much satisfied by dinner as by having respect shown to him; and salvation is not attained by self-adornment as by cultivation of spiritual knowledge. |