差異處

這裏顯示兩個版本的差異處。

--- bg4.8 [2024/10/08 02:40] – host
+++ bg4.8 [2024/10/19 03:29] (目前版本) – host
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-परित्राणाय साधुनां विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम् ।
+<WRAP center box  >4 章 8 節</WRAP>
-धर्मसंस्थानार्थाय सम्भवामि युगे युगे ॥ ८ ॥
-paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṁ
-vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām
-dharma-saṁsthāpanārthāya
-sambhavāmi yuge yuge
-paritrāṇāya——為了拯救；sādhūnām——奉獻者的；vināśāya——為了消滅；ca——和；duṣkṛtām——惡棍的；dharma——宗教原則；saṁsthāpanārthāya——重建；sambhavāmi——我會出現；yuge——週年期；yuge——又週年期。
-परित्राणाय साधुनां विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम् ।
+परित्राणाय साधुनां विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम् ।\\
 धर्मसंस्थानार्थाय सम्भवामि युगे युगे ॥ ८ ॥
-paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṁ
+>paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṁ
-vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām
+>vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām
-dharma-saṁsthāpanārthāya
+>dharma-saṁsthāpanārthāya
-sambhavāmi yuge yuge
+>sambhavāmi yuge yuge
-Synonyms
+== 字譯 ==
-paritrāṇāya — for the deliverance; sādhūnām — of the devotees; vināśāya — for the annihilation; ca — and; duṣkṛtām — of the miscreants; dharma — principles of religion; saṁsthāpana-arthāya — to reestablish; sambhavāmi — I do appear; yuge — millennium; yuge — after millennium.
+<fs medium>paritrāṇāya — 為了拯救；sādhūnām — 奉獻者的；vināśāya — 為了消滅；ca — 和；duṣkṛtām — 惡棍的；dharma — 宗教原則；saṁsthāpanārthāya — 重建；sambhavāmi — 我會出現；yuge — 週年期；yuge — 又週年期。</fs>
-Translation
-To deliver the pious and to annihilate the miscreants, as well as to reestablish the principles of religion, I Myself appear, millennium after millennium.
-Purport
-According to Bhagavad-gītā, a sādhu (holy man) is a man in Kṛṣṇa consciousness. A person may appear to be irreligious, but if he has the qualifications of Kṛṣṇa consciousness wholly and fully, he is to be understood to be a sādhu. And duṣkṛtām applies to those who do not care for Kṛṣṇa consciousness. Such miscreants, or duṣkṛtām, are described as foolish and the lowest of mankind, even though they may be decorated with mundane education, whereas a person who is one hundred percent engaged in Kṛṣṇa consciousness is accepted as a sādhu, even though such a person may be neither learned nor well cultured. As far as the atheistic are concerned, it is not necessary for the Supreme Lord to appear as He is to destroy them, as He did with the demons Rāvaṇa and Kaṁsa. The Lord has many agents who are quite competent to vanquish demons. But the Lord especially descends to appease His unalloyed devotees, who are always harassed by the demoniac. The demon harasses the devotee, even though the latter may happen to be his kin. Although Prahlāda Mahārāja was the son of Hiraṇyakaśipu, he was nonetheless persecuted by his father; although Devakī, the mother of Kṛṣṇa, was the sister of Kaṁsa, she and her husband Vasudeva were persecuted only because Kṛṣṇa was to be born of them. So Lord Kṛṣṇa appeared primarily to deliver Devakī rather than kill Kaṁsa, but both were performed simultaneously. Therefore it is said here that to deliver the devotee and vanquish the demon miscreants, the Lord appears in different incarnations.
-In the Caitanya-caritāmṛta of Kṛṣṇadāsa Kavirāja, the following verses (Madhya 20.263–264) summarize these principles of incarnation:
+== 譯文 ==
-sṛṣṭi-hetu yei mūrti prapañce avatare
-sei īśvara-mūrti ‘avatāra’ nāma dhare
-māyātīta paravyome sabāra avasthāna
-viśve avatari’ dhare ‘avatāra’ nāma
-“The avatāra, or incarnation of Godhead, descends from the kingdom of God for material manifestation. And the particular form of the Personality of Godhead who so descends is called an incarnation, or avatāra. Such incarnations are situated in the spiritual world, the kingdom of God. When they descend to the material creation, they assume the name avatāra.”
-There are various kinds of avatāras, such as puruṣāvatāras, guṇāvatāras, līlāvatāras, śakty-āveśa avatāras, manvantara-avatāras and yugāvatāras – all appearing on schedule all over the universe. But Lord Kṛṣṇa is the primeval Lord, the fountainhead of all avatāras. Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa descends for the specific purpose of mitigating the anxieties of the pure devotees, who are very anxious to see Him in His original Vṛndāvana pastimes. Therefore, the prime purpose of the Kṛṣṇa avatāra is to satisfy His unalloyed devotees.
-The Lord says that He incarnates Himself in every millennium. This indicates that He incarnates also in the Age of Kali. As stated in the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, the incarnation in the Age of Kali is Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu, who spread the worship of Kṛṣṇa by the saṅkīrtana movement (congregational chanting of the holy names) and spread Kṛṣṇa consciousness throughout India. He predicted that this culture of saṅkīrtana would be broadcast all over the world, from town to town and village to village. Lord Caitanya as the incarnation of Kṛṣṇa, the Personality of Godhead, is described secretly but not directly in the confidential parts of the revealed scriptures, such as the Upaniṣads, Mahābhārata and Bhāgavatam. The devotees of Lord Kṛṣṇa are very much attracted by the saṅkīrtana movement of Lord Caitanya. This avatāra of the Lord does not kill the miscreants, but delivers them by His causeless mercy.
- 譯文
 為了拯救虔誠者，消滅邪惡者，亦為重建宗教原則，我在每個週年期一次又一次地降臨。
-要旨
+== 要旨 ==
-根據博伽梵歌所說，一個薩篤 sādhu（聖人）是指一個在基士拿知覺中的人。一個人看來好像沒有宗教信仰，但如果他全面完整地有着基士拿知覺的資格，他便會被看作為一個薩篤。而塗士覊騰 duṣkṛtam 則指一個不理會基士拿知覺的人。儘管他們有着世俗的教育裝配；這些邪惡的人，或塗覊騰被形容為愚昧的和人類中的最低者，至於另外的一個一百份之一百從事於基士拿知覺的人則被接受為一個薩篤，不管這個人是否有學識或有教養。對於無神論的人來說，他們是不用主的出現（因為此舉是如祂毀滅惡魔瓦頑拿 Rāvaṇa 和甘撒 Kaṁsa 一樣地）而會被毀滅，主有很多有力量的代理人可以消滅這些惡魔。但主特別降臨到來安慰那些經常受惡人迫害的純潔奉獻者。惡魔迫害那些就算是他親屬的奉獻者。巴拉達摩訶喇查 Prahlāda Mahārāja 雖然是希環耶加施怖 Hiraṇyak-aśipu 的兒子，但他仍然受父親的壓迫；基士拿的母親廸瓦姬雖然是甘撒的妹妹，但她和她的丈夫瓦蘇弟瓦依然被迫害原因祇是基士拿將會為他們所生。因此基士拿出現主要是拯救廸瓦姬而並非殺甘撒，然而這兩件事都同時地進行。所以在這裏說為了拯救奉獻者和消滅邪惡的人，主以不同的化身出現。
+<fs medium>根據博伽梵歌所說，一個薩篤 sādhu（聖人）是指一個在基士拿知覺中的人。一個人看來好像沒有宗教信仰，但如果他全面完整地有着基士拿知覺的資格，他便會被看作為一個薩篤。而塗士覊騰 duṣkṛtam 則指一個不理會基士拿知覺的人。儘管他們有着世俗的教育裝配；這些邪惡的人，或塗覊騰被形容為愚昧的和人類中的最低者，至於另外的一個一百份之一百從事於基士拿知覺的人則被接受為一個薩篤，不管這個人是否有學識或有教養。對於無神論的人來說，他們是不用主的出現（因為此舉是如祂毀滅惡魔瓦頑拿 Rāvaṇa 和甘撒 Kaṁsa 一樣地）而會被毀滅，主有很多有力量的代理人可以消滅這些惡魔。但主特別降臨到來安慰那些經常受惡人迫害的純潔奉獻者。惡魔迫害那些就算是他親屬的奉獻者。巴拉達摩訶喇查 Prahlāda Mahārāja 雖然是希環耶加施怖 Hiraṇyakaśipu 的兒子，但他仍然受父親的壓迫；基士拿的母親廸瓦姬雖然是甘撒的妹妹，但她和她的丈夫瓦蘇弟瓦依然被迫害原因祇是基士拿將會為他們所生。因此基士拿出現主要是拯救廸瓦姬而並非殺甘撒，然而這兩件事都同時地進行。所以在這裏說為了拯救奉獻者和消滅邪惡的人，主以不同的化身出現。
+\\ \\
+在 Kṛṣṇadāsa Kavirāja 所作的采坦耶經 Caitanya-caritāmṛita 中有以下將化身各原則撮要的一段：
+</fs>
+>sṛṣṭi-hetu yei mūrti prapañce avatare
+>sei īśvara-mūrti 'avatāra ' nāma dhare
+>māyātita paravyome savāra avasthāna
+>viśve 'avatāri ' dhare 'avatāra ' nāma
+<fs medium>
+「Avatara，或神首的化身，從神的國度降臨到這個物質的展示。而最高性格神首某一形狀的降臨便稱為一個化身，或阿華陀那。這些化身都是處於靈性的世界，神的國度。當他們降臨至物質創造時，他們得到了阿華陀那的名字。」\\ \\
-在基士拿達沙嘉維喇查 Kṛṣṇadāsa Kavirāja 所作的采坦耶．查理丹滅達經 Caitanya-caritāmṛita 中有以下將化身各原則撮要的一段：
+有很多類型的阿華陀那，如主宰者化身 puruṣāvatāra 型態化身 guṇā vatāras，逍遙時光化身 līlāvatāra，能量加持化身 śaktyāveśa avatāra，曼紐化身 manvantara-avatāra 及年代化身 yugāvatāra —— 所有這些都是按照計劃在整個宇宙的各處出現，但主 Krishna 是最原始的人物，所有 Avatara 的源頭。主 Krishna 的降臨是特別地為了轉移純潔奉獻者的焦慮，他們都很渴望見到祂在祂原本的溫達文拿 Vṛndāvana 逍遙時光中。所以 Krishna Avatara 的主要目的是去滿足祂沒有混淆的奉獻者。\\ \\
-　　　　sṛṣṭi-hetu yei mūrti prapañce avatare 　　　　sei īśvara-mūrti 'avatāra ' nāma dhare 　　　　māyātita paravyome savāra avasthāna 　　　　viśve 'avatāri ' dhare 'avatāra ' nāma
+主說祂每一個週年期都親自化身。這表示了在這卡利年代祂也化身到來。在史里瑪博伽瓦譚裏所述，這卡利年代的化身便是主采坦耶摩訶巴佈 Sri Caitanya Mahāprabhu，祂發揚了對 Krishna 崇拜的三克亶運動（集體歌頌聖名），和將基士拿知覺佈遍整個印度，祂預言這個三克亶潮流會佈遍整個世界，由城市至城市，又由鄉村至鄉村。主采坦耶是 Krishna，具有至尊無上性格神首的化身一事在訓示諸經典如奧義書 Upaniṣads，摩訶婆羅多詩篇 Mahābharata，博伽瓦譚 Bhāgavatam 等裏面秘密而不是直接地在最機密的地方述及。主Krishna 的奉獻者都被這主采坦耶的 Sankirtan 運動所吸引。這個主的 Avatara 並不殺滅惡棍，而是通過主沒有原由的恩賜拯救他們。\\ \\
-「阿華陀那 avatara，或神首的化身，從神的國度降臨到這個物質的展示。而最高性格神首某一形狀的降臨便稱為一個化身，或阿華陀那。這些化身都是處於靈性的世界，神的國度。當他們降臨至物質創造時，他們得到了阿華陀那的名字。」
+</fs>
-有很多類型的阿華陀那，如普努沙阿華陀那 puruṣāvatāra 君那阿華陀那 guṇā vatāras，里拉阿華陀那 līlāvatāra，薩雅維沙阿華陀那 śaktyāveśa avatāra，曼文達瓦阿華陀那 manvantara-avatāra 及瑜伽阿華陀那 yugāvatāra——所有這些都是按照計劃在整個宇宙的各處出現，但主基士拿是最原始的人，所有阿華陀那的源頭。主基士拿的降臨是特別地為了轉移純潔奉獻者的焦慮，他們都很渴望見到祂在祂原本的溫達文拿 Vṛndāvana 玩樂時光中。所以基士拿阿華陀那的主要目的是去滿足祂沒有混淆的奉獻者。
-主說祂每一個週年期都親自化身。這表示了在這卡利年代祂也化身到來。在史里瑪博伽瓦譚裏所述，這卡利年代的化身便是主采坦耶摩訶巴佈 Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu，祂發揚了對基士拿崇拜的三克亶運動（集體歌頌聖名），和將基士拿知覺佈遍整個印度，祂預言這個三克亶潮流會佈遍整個世界，由城市至城市，又由鄉村至鄉村。主采坦耶是基士拿，具有至尊無上性格神首的化身一事在訓示諸經典如奧義書 Upaniṣads，摩訶婆羅多詩篇 Mahā-bharata，博伽瓦譚 Bhāgavatam 等裏面秘密而不是直接地在最機密的地方述及。主基士拿的奉獻者都被這主采坦耶的三克亶運動所吸引。這個主的阿華陀那並不殺滅惡棍，而是通過主沒有原由的恩賜拯救他們。
-== 字譯 ==
-== 譯文 ==
-== 要旨 ==
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